Parameter values: Sort by alphabetical glider order
ID | 574 | HD_C | 9.8500004e-06 | C_ROLL_DIVE | 1812 | ALTIM_BOTTOM_TURN_MARGIN | 10 |
MISSION | 3 | HEADING | 70 | C_ROLL_CLIMB | 1800 | ALTIM_TOP_TURN_MARGIN | 0 |
DIVE | 382 | ESCAPE_HEADING | 0 | HEAD_ERRBAND | 10 | ALTIM_TOP_MIN_OBSTACLE | 1 |
N_DIVES | 0 | ESCAPE_HEADING_DELTA | 10 | ROLL_CNV | 0.028270001 | ALTIM_PING_DEPTH | 50 |
STOP_T | 0 | FIX_MISSING_TIMEOUT | 0 | ROLL_TIMEOUT | 15 | ALTIM_PING_DELTA | 5 |
D_SURF | 3 | TGT_DEFAULT_LAT | 4743.3999 | R_PORT_OVSHOOT | 32 | ALTIM_FREQUENCY | 13 |
D_FLARE | 3 | TGT_DEFAULT_LON | -12224.2 | R_STBD_OVSHOOT | 56 | ALTIM_PULSE | 3 |
D_TGT | 1000 | TGT_AUTO_DEFAULT | 0 | ROLL_AD_RATE | 350 | ALTIM_SENSITIVITY | 3 |
D_ABORT | 1020 | SM_CC | 515.36688 | ROLL_MAXERRORS | 1 | XPDR_VALID | 2 |
D_NO_BLEED | 29 | N_FILEKB | 4 | ROLL_ADJ_GAIN | 0 | XPDR_INHIBIT | 90 |
D_BOOST | 0 | FILEMGR | 0 | ROLL_ADJ_DBAND | 0 | INT_PRESSURE_SLOPE | 0.0097655999 |
T_BOOST | 0 | CALL_NDIVES | 1 | VBD_MIN | 600 | INT_PRESSURE_YINT | 3.1600001 |
D_FINISH | 20 | COMM_SEQ | 0 | VBD_MAX | 3960 | DEEPGLIDER | 0 |
D_PITCH | 0 | PROTOCOL | 9 | C_VBD | 2701 | MOTHERBOARD | 4 |
D_SAFE | 0 | N_NOCOMM | 2 | VBD_DBAND | 2 | DEVICE1 | -1 |
D_CALL | 0 | NOCOMM_ACTION | 259 | VBD_CNV | -0.245296 | DEVICE2 | -1 |
SURFACE_URGENCY | 0 | N_NOSURFACE | 0 | VBD_LP_IGNORE | 0 | DEVICE3 | -1 |
SURFACE_URGENCY_TRY | 0 | UPLOAD_DIVES_MAX | -1 | VBD_TIMEOUT | 720 | DEVICE4 | -1 |
SURFACE_URGENCY_FORCE | 0 | CALL_TRIES | 5 | PITCH_VBD_SHIFT | 0.0012300001 | DEVICE5 | -1 |
T_DIVE | 333 | CALL_WAIT | 60 | VBD_PUMP_AD_RATE_SURFACE | 5 | DEVICE6 | -1 |
T_MISSION | 343 | CAPUPLOAD | 0 | VBD_PUMP_AD_RATE_APOGEE | 4 | LOGGERS | 1 |
T_ABORT | 358 | CAPMAXSIZE | 400000 | VBD_BLEED_AD_RATE | 8 | LOGGERDEVICE1 | 53 |
T_TURN | 500 | HEAPDBG | 0 | UNCOM_BLEED | 60 | LOGGERDEVICE2 | -1 |
T_TURN_SAMPINT | 5 | T_GPS | 15 | VBD_MAXERRORS | 1 | LOGGERDEVICE3 | -1 |
T_NO_W | 120 | N_GPS | 100840 | W_ADJ_DBAND | 0 | LOGGERDEVICE4 | -1 |
T_LOITER | 0 | T_RSLEEP | 2 | DBDW | 0 | COMPASS_DEVICE | 17 |
T_EPIRB | 0 | STROBE | 0 | PITCH_W_GAIN | 0 | COMPASS2_DEVICE | -1 |
USE_BATHY | 0 | RAFOS_PEAK_OFFSET | 1.5 | PITCH_W_DBAND | 0 | PHONE_DEVICE | 49 |
USE_ICE | 0 | RAFOS_CORR_THRESH | 60 | CF8_MAXERRORS | 20 | GPS_DEVICE | 32 |
ICE_FREEZE_MARGIN | 0.30000001 | RAFOS_HIT_WINDOW | 3600 | AH0_24V | 310 | RAFOS_DEVICE | -1 |
D_OFFGRID | 100 | PITCH_MIN | 117 | AH0_10V | 0 | XPDR_DEVICE | 24 |
T_WATCHDOG | 10 | PITCH_MAX | 3869 | MINV_24V | 11.5 | SIM_W | 0 |
RELAUNCH | 0 | C_PITCH | 2759 | MINV_10V | 10 | SIM_PITCH | 0 |
APOGEE_PITCH | -5 | PITCH_DBAND | 0.0099999998 | MAXI_24V | 3 | SEABIRD_T_G | 0.0042907312 |
MAX_BUOY | 200 | PITCH_CNV | 0.003125763 | MAXI_10V | 2 | SEABIRD_T_H | 0.00061813911 |
COURSE_BIAS | 0 | P_OVSHOOT | 0.039999999 | FG_AHR_10V | 0 | SEABIRD_T_I | 2.1013675e-05 |
GLIDE_SLOPE | 30 | P_OVSHOOT_WITHG | 0.079999998 | FG_AHR_24V | 0 | SEABIRD_T_J | 2.0586713e-06 |
SPEED_FACTOR | 1 | PITCH_GAIN | 30 | PHONE_SUPPLY | 2 | SEABIRD_C_G | -9.7689371 |
RHO | 1.0275 | PITCH_TIMEOUT | 25 | PRESSURE_YINT | -148.54955 | SEABIRD_C_H | 1.1415389 |
MASS | 53998 | PITCH_AD_RATE | 125 | PRESSURE_SLOPE | 0.0001058 | SEABIRD_C_I | -0.0022330475 |
MASS_COMP | 0 | PITCH_MAXERRORS | 1 | AD7714Ch0Gain | 1 | SEABIRD_C_J | 0.00024789109 |
NAV_MODE | 0 | PITCH_ADJ_GAIN | 0 | TCM_PITCH_OFFSET | 0 | SC_RECORDABOVE | 2000.0 |
FERRY_MAX | 45 | PITCH_ADJ_DBAND | 0 | TCM_ROLL_OFFSET | 0 | SC_PROFILE | 3.0 |
KALMAN_USE | 2 | ROLL_MIN | 301 | COMPASS_USE | 0 | SC_XMITPROFILE | 3.0 |
HD_A | 0.0038360001 | ROLL_MAX | 3936 | ALTIM_BOTTOM_PING_RANGE | 0 | ||
HD_B | 0.0101 | ROLL_DEG | 40 | ALTIM_TOP_PING_RANGE | 0 |
Pre-dive calculations and measurements:
GPS1 |   150419,124205,-3422.0630,2555.4182,6,1.0,47,-28.1,0.4,50.2,7,4.0 | TGT_NAME |   HEADING |
_CALLS |   1 | TGT_LATLONG |   -3418.379,2607.602 |
_XMS_NAKs |   0 | TGT_RADIUS |   1852.000 |
_XMS_TOUTs |   0 | KALMAN_CONTROL |   0.000000,0.000000 |
_SM_DEPTHo |   0.81 | KALMAN_X |   0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000 |
_SM_ANGLEo |   -64.6 | KALMAN_Y |   0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000 |
GPS2 |   150419,125008,-3422.0730,2555.3169,7,1.0,47,-28.0,0.6,99.4,7,3.8 | MHEAD_RNG_PITCHd_Wd |   98.0,20000,-15.7,-10.010,-18.71,2973 |
SPEED_LIMITS |   0.173,0.296 | D_GRID |   1000 |
Post-dive calculations and measurements:
FINISH |   0.3,1.025282 | _24V_AH |   13.88,122.005 |
SM_CCo |   2297,160.68,0.793,0,0,599,515.37 | _10V_AH |   13.60,0.000 |
SM_GC |   0.83,13.62,0.00,160.68,0.038,0.000,0.793,122,1802,599,-8.18,-0.28,515.37,0,0,0,0,0,0,14.84,15.05,14.12 | FG_AHR_24Vo |   0.000 |
IRIDIUM_FIX |   -3406.89,2556.54,150419,115355 | FG_AHR_10Vo |   0.000 |
TT8_MAMPS |   0.021721,0.935501 | MEM |   340928 |
HUMID |   44.84 | DATA_FILE_SIZE |   10102,408 |
INTERNAL_PRESSURE |   9.30256 | CAP_FILE_SIZE |   80408,0 |
TCM_TEMP |   19.30 | CFSIZE |   2097086464,2020114432 |
XPDR_PINGS |   0 | ERRORS |   0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0 |
ALTIM_BOTTOM_PING |   95.4,35.5 | GPS |   150419,133302,-3422.213,2555.706,7,1.2,47,-28.1,0.7,278.2,7,4.6 |
SC_FREEKB |   3720576 |
Energy measurements:
device | secs | mA | J | sensor | secs | mA | J |
Pitch_motor | 30 | 324 | 137.99 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Roll_motor | 42 | 71 | 42.62 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
VBD_pump_during_apogee | 348 | 1085 | 5247.54 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
VBD_pump_during_surface | 160 | 792 | 1767.50 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
VBD_valve | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Iridium_during_init | 24 | 16 | 5.54 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Iridium_during_connect | 16 | 160 | 35.90 | SciCon | 2321 | 36 | 1168.26 |
Iridium_during_xfer | 192 | 223 | 597.29 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
Transponder_ping | 2 | 420 | 16.03 | nil | 0 | 0 | 0.00 |
GUMSTIX_24V | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
GPS | 48 | 11 | 7.37 | ||||
TT8 | 815 | 9 | 106.60 | ||||
LPSleep | 345 | 2 | 10.30 | ||||
TT8_Active | 614 | 9 | 80.37 | ||||
TT8_Sampling | 987 | 28 | 380.41 | ||||
TT8_CF8 | 192 | 36 | 95.71 | ||||
TT8_Kalman | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
Analog_circuits | 1047 | 12 | 172.50 | ||||
GPS_charging | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
Compass | 618 | 17 | 151.22 | ||||
RAFOS | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | ||||
Transponder | 20 | 30 | 8.48 | ||||
Guidance and control:
st_secs | pitch_ctl | vbd_ctl | pitch_ad_start | roll_ad_start | vbd_pot1_ad_start | vbd_pot2_ad_start | depth | ob_vertv | data_pts | end_secs | pitch_secs | roll_secs | vbd_secs | vbd_i | gcphase | pitch_i | roll_i | pitch_ad | roll_ad | vbd_ad | vbd_pot1_ad | vbd_pot2_ad | pitch_retries | pitch_errors | roll_retries | roll_errors | vbd_retries | vbd_errors | pitch_volts | roll_volts | vbd_volts |
20 | end surface: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 20 | begin dive | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 53 | 1819 | 623 | 547 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 123 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -97.62 | 0.000 | 16386 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 53 | 1818 | 3000 | 2969 | 3032 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.00 | 28.83 | 15.00 |
128 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 53 | 1819 | 2969 | 3032 | 3.2 | -6.8 | 18 | 159 | 14.52 | 2.33 | -8.62 | 0.000 | 18692 | 0.305 | 0.072 | 2497 | 3200 | 3495 | 3509 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.57 | 13.97 | 14.81 |
237 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2497 | 3200 | 3511 | 3481 | 29.8 | -15.4 | 38 | 244 | 0.00 | 2.35 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.045 | 2497 | 1802 | 3496 | 3511 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.92 | 14.83 | 14.94 |
307 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2497 | 1802 | 3511 | 3481 | 41.0 | -16.6 | 51 | 314 | 0.05 | 2.40 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2564 | 0.324 | 0.062 | 2508 | 404 | 3496 | 3511 | 3482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.66 | 14.82 | 14.80 |
332 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 404 | 3511 | 3481 | 45.2 | -16.0 | 55 | 339 | 0.00 | 2.30 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 2508 | 1799 | 3496 | 3511 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.95 | 14.86 | 14.96 |
404 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1802 | 3511 | 3481 | 55.6 | -14.6 | 68 | 409 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2508 | 1802 | 3496 | 3511 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.10 | 15.08 | 15.09 |
472 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1802 | 3508 | 3482 | 64.6 | -11.3 | 81 | 479 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2508 | 1802 | 3496 | 3511 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.09 | 15.09 | 15.09 |
542 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1802 | 3512 | 3480 | 73.4 | -11.9 | 94 | 547 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2510 | 1802 | 3496 | 3512 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.09 | 15.10 | 15.10 |
611 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1802 | 3512 | 3481 | 82.0 | -11.7 | 107 | 617 | 0.00 | 2.38 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2308 | 0.000 | 0.054 | 2508 | 3212 | 3496 | 3512 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.10 | 14.83 | 15.09 |
645 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 3213 | 3510 | 3480 | 86.1 | -11.0 | 113 | 652 | 0.00 | 2.35 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.041 | 2508 | 1803 | 3496 | 3512 | 3480 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.90 | 14.81 | 14.90 |
716 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1802 | 3512 | 3481 | 94.6 | -12.3 | 126 | 726 | 0.00 | 2.40 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2308 | 0.000 | 0.052 | 2508 | 3218 | 3496 | 3511 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.11 | 14.87 | 15.11 |
744 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 3218 | 3513 | 3480 | 98.0 | -12.3 | 130 | 750 | 0.00 | 2.35 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.043 | 2508 | 1808 | 3496 | 3512 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.98 | 14.88 | 15.00 |
814 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1809 | 3512 | 3481 | 105.7 | -11.3 | 143 | 820 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2508 | 1809 | 3496 | 3512 | 3481 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.11 | 15.11 | 15.11 |
883 | -0.76 | -194.6 | 2508 | 1808 | 3512 | 3481 | 113.7 | -12.2 | 156 | 888 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2508 | 1808 | 3494 | 3508 | 3480 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.11 | 15.11 | 15.11 |
949 | end dive: BOTTOM_OBSTACLE_DETECTED | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 949 | begin apogee | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
956 | -0.17 | 0.0 | 2508 | 1808 | 3512 | 3480 | 121.6 | -12.0 | 169 | 1106 | 0.95 | 0.00 | 144.65 | 1.086 | 10246 | 0.143 | 0.000 | 2698 | 1808 | 2701 | 2731 | 2671 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.67 | 14.44 | 13.95 |
1108 | end apogee: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 1108 | begin climb | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1110 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2698 | 1808 | 2728 | 2669 | 131.1 | 0.0 | 196 | 1267 | 1.42 | 0.00 | 149.77 | 1.076 | 11014 | 0.112 | 0.000 | 2986 | 1807 | 1907 | 1948 | 1867 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.42 | 14.35 | 13.88 |
1331 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2985 | 1808 | 1936 | 1862 | 119.0 | 12.6 | 235 | 1337 | 0.00 | 2.38 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2308 | 0.000 | 0.045 | 2986 | 3204 | 1899 | 1936 | 1862 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.76 | 14.52 | 14.77 |
1350 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2985 | 3204 | 1934 | 1862 | 116.5 | 12.2 | 238 | 1357 | 0.00 | 2.42 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.050 | 2992 | 1798 | 1898 | 1935 | 1861 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.63 | 14.55 | 14.64 |
1421 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2988 | 1796 | 1934 | 1860 | 107.1 | 13.8 | 251 | 1427 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2989 | 1796 | 1897 | 1934 | 1860 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.90 | 14.90 | 14.90 |
1490 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2988 | 1797 | 1933 | 1860 | 97.6 | 13.6 | 264 | 1495 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2989 | 1796 | 1897 | 1934 | 1860 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.95 | 14.96 | 14.96 |
1558 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2988 | 1796 | 1933 | 1859 | 88.0 | 13.7 | 277 | 1565 | 0.00 | 2.38 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2308 | 0.000 | 0.046 | 2988 | 3211 | 1896 | 1933 | 1859 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.00 | 14.78 | 15.00 |
1578 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2988 | 3211 | 1931 | 1859 | 85.2 | 14.3 | 280 | 1584 | 0.00 | 2.42 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.051 | 2992 | 1789 | 1895 | 1931 | 1859 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.89 | 14.78 | 14.90 |
1649 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2992 | 1789 | 1931 | 1859 | 75.1 | 14.7 | 293 | 1654 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2992 | 1789 | 1894 | 1931 | 1858 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.02 | 15.02 | 15.02 |
1717 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2991 | 1789 | 1931 | 1858 | 65.0 | 13.5 | 306 | 1723 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2992 | 1789 | 1894 | 1931 | 1858 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.05 | 15.05 | 15.05 |
1786 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2992 | 1789 | 1931 | 1858 | 55.9 | 13.2 | 319 | 1792 | 0.00 | 2.40 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2564 | 0.000 | 0.070 | 2992 | 394 | 1892 | 1930 | 1855 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.07 | 14.75 | 15.07 |
1810 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2992 | 394 | 1929 | 1857 | 52.9 | 12.4 | 323 | 1816 | 0.00 | 2.33 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 3078 | 0.000 | 0.032 | 2991 | 1814 | 1893 | 1929 | 1857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.96 | 14.88 | 14.97 |
1880 | 0.76 | 194.6 | 2991 | 1821 | 1929 | 1856 | 44.8 | 11.8 | 336 | 1886 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 2054 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2992 | 1820 | 1892 | 1928 | 1856 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.07 | 15.07 | 15.07 |
1949 | 0.85 | 264.5 | 2992 | 1820 | 1929 | 1856 | 38.6 | 7.6 | 349 | 2012 | 0.08 | 2.50 | 53.85 | 1.023 | 10756 | 0.190 | 0.071 | 3033 | 396 | 1620 | 1662 | 1579 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.82 | 14.62 | 14.14 |
2113 | 0.85 | 264.5 | 3033 | 396 | 1656 | 1577 | 19.6 | 12.4 | 379 | 2120 | 0.00 | 2.33 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 1030 | 0.000 | 0.033 | 3033 | 1802 | 1616 | 1656 | 1576 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.83 | 14.77 | 14.85 |
2184 | 0.85 | 264.5 | 3033 | 1805 | 1660 | 1573 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 392 | 2190 | 0.00 | 2.33 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 260 | 0.000 | 0.046 | 3033 | 3197 | 1615 | 1657 | 1573 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.97 | 14.78 | 14.97 |
2223 | 0.85 | 264.5 | 3033 | 3197 | 1655 | 1572 | 6.5 | 10.8 | 399 | 2230 | 0.00 | 2.38 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 1030 | 0.000 | 0.052 | 3033 | 1802 | 1614 | 1656 | 1572 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.88 | 14.79 | 14.90 |
2250 | end climb: SURFACE_DEPTH_REACHED | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 2250 | begin surface coast | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2272 | end surface coast: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
state | 2273 | begin surface |