NANOOS Apr21 * SG249 * Dive index * Mission links * Dive 1057 * Log results * Raw log file
prev dive * next dive * dive

Parameter values: Sort by alphabetical glider order
ID  249 ESCAPE_HEADING  0 HEAD_ERRBAND  10 ALTIM_SENSITIVITY  3
MISSION  6 ESCAPE_HEADING_DELTA  10 ROLL_CNV  0.054949999 XPDR_VALID  6
DIVE  1057 FIX_MISSING_TIMEOUT  0 ROLL_TIMEOUT  25 XPDR_INHIBIT  90
N_DIVES  0 TGT_DEFAULT_LAT  4736 ROLL_MAXERRORS  1 XPDR_INT  -1
STOP_T  0 TGT_DEFAULT_LON  -12218 ROLL_ADJ_GAIN  2 XPDR_REP  -1
D_SURF  4 TGT_AUTO_DEFAULT  0 ROLL_ADJ_DBAND  0.029999999 INT_PRESSURE_SLOPE  1.9639999e-06
D_FLARE  3 SM_CC  425 VBD_MIN  500 INT_PRESSURE_YINT  -3
D_TGT  990 N_FILEKB  8 VBD_MAX  3960 DEEPGLIDER  0
D_ABORT  1000 FILEMGR  0 C_VBD  2775 DEEPGLIDERMB  0
D_NO_BLEED  200 CALL_NDIVES  1 VBD_DBAND  2 MOTHERBOARD  6
D_BOOST  0 COMM_SEQ  0 VBD_CNV  -0.24529999 DEVICE1  120
T_BOOST  0 PROTOCOL  9 VBD_LP_IGNORE  0 DEVICE2  -1
D_FINISH  0 N_NOCOMM  4 VBD_TIMEOUT  720 DEVICE3  -1
D_PITCH  0 NOCOMM_ACTION  163 PITCH_VBD_SHIFT  0.0020000001 DEVICE4  -1
D_SAFE  0 N_NOSURFACE  0 UNCOM_BLEED  20 DEVICE5  -1
D_CALL  0 UPLOAD_DIVES_MAX  -1 VBD_MAXERRORS  1 DEVICE6  -1
SURFACE_URGENCY  0 CALL_TRIES  5 W_ADJ_DBAND  2 LOGGERS  0
SURFACE_URGENCY_TRY  0 CALL_WAIT  60 DBDW  0 LOGGERDEVICE1  7
SURFACE_URGENCY_FORCE  0 CAPUPLOAD  0 LOITER_W_DBAND  0 LOGGERDEVICE2  -1
T_DIVE  390 CAPMAXSIZE  5000 LOITER_DBDW  0 LOGGERDEVICE3  -1
T_MISSION  470 T_GPS  5 LOITER_D_TOP  0 LOGGERDEVICE4  -1
T_ABORT  1440 N_GPS  100440 LOITER_D_BOTTOM  0 COMPASS_DEVICE  66
T_TURN  225 T_RSLEEP  2 LOITER_N_DIVE  0 COMPASS2_DEVICE  -1
T_TURN_SAMPINT  -5 STROBE  0 CF8_MAXERRORS  20 PHONE_DEVICE  33
T_NO_W  120 RAFOS_PEAK_OFFSET  0 AH0_24V  550 GPS_DEVICE  48
T_LOITER  0 RAFOS_CORR_THRESH  60 AH0_10V  0 RAFOS_DEVICE  -1
T_EPIRB  0 RAFOS_HIT_WINDOW  3600 MINV_24V  11 NETWORK_DEVICE  -1
USE_BATHY  -1 RAFOS_MMODEM  0 MINV_10V  11 PRESSURE_DEVICE  56
USE_ICE  0 PITCH_MIN  200 MAXI_24V  5 XPDR_DEVICE  21
ICE_FREEZE_MARGIN  0.30000001 PITCH_MAX  3000 MAXI_10V  1.5 SIM_W  0
D_OFFGRID  1000 C_PITCH  2320 FG_AHR_10V  91.497581 SEABIRD_T_G  0.0043000001
RELAUNCH  1 PITCH_DBAND  0.1 FG_AHR_24V  276.91946 SEABIRD_T_H  0.00063999998
APOGEE_PITCH  -5 PITCH_CNV  0.0041299998 PHONE_SUPPLY  2 SEABIRD_T_I  2.4999999e-05
MAX_BUOY  85 PITCH_GAIN  18 PRESSURE_YINT  -14.5 SEABIRD_T_J  4.3e-06
GLIDE_SLOPE  30 PITCH_TIMEOUT  30 PRESSURE_SLOPE  0.0014504 SEABIRD_C_G  -10
SPEED_FACTOR  1 PITCH_MAXERRORS  1 COMPASS_USE  16388 SEABIRD_C_H  1
RHO  1.0275 PITCH_ADJ_GAIN  0 ALTIM_PING_FIT  0 SEABIRD_C_I  -0.0020000001
MASS  72946 PITCH_ADJ_DBAND  0 ALTIM_TOP_PING_RANGE  0 SEABIRD_C_J  0.00019999999
NAV_MODE  2 PITCH_W_GAIN  2 ALTIM_BOTTOM_TURN_MARGIN  0 SC_RECORDABOVE  2000.0
FERRY_MAX  45 PITCH_W_DBAND  0.5 ALTIM_TOP_TURN_MARGIN  0 SC_PROFILE  3.0
KALMAN_USE  2 ROLL_MIN  215 ALTIM_TOP_MIN_OBSTACLE  1 SC_XMITPROFILE  3.0
HD_A  0.0063095698 ROLL_MAX  3825 ALTIM_PING_DEPTH  0 SC_NDIVE  1.0
HD_B  0.0220051 ROLL_DEG  60 ALTIM_PING_DELTA  0
HD_C  5.7000002e-06 C_ROLL_DIVE  2320 ALTIM_FREQUENCY  13
HEADING  -1 C_ROLL_CLIMB  2100 ALTIM_PULSE  1

Pre-dive calculations and measurements:
GPS1  250122,104239,4749.924,-12513.984,23,1.2,23,15.9 TGT_RADIUS  2500.000
_CALLS  1 KALMAN_CONTROL  0.000,0.000
_SM_DEPTHo  0.65 KALMAN_X  0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0
_SM_ANGLEo  -62.9 KALMAN_Y  0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0
GPS2  250122,104948,4749.890,-12513.972,2,0.7,5,15.9 MHEAD_RNG_PITCHd_Wd  349.7,5953,-25.2,-8.462,-28.39
SPEED_LIMITS  0.147,0.157 D_GRID  344
TGT_NAME  SHELF IRON  1.000000,0.008000,-0.030000,0.005000,1.030000,-0.103000,-0.009000,-0.035000,0.960000,683.000000,-237.000000,115.000000
TGT_LATLONG  4751.930,-12510.270

Post-dive calculations and measurements:
FINISH  0.2,1.022475 MEM0  60876,1,0,0
SM_CCo  8729.12,73.85,1.124,0,1041.9,993.6,1090.3,425.12 MEM1  65508,1,0,0
SM_GC  0.81,73.85,16.72,0.67,1.124,0.047,0.053,1041.9,993.6,1090.3,177.0,2353.9,0,0,0,11.16,15.82,15.89 MEM2  971296,33,75472,57
SUPER  27,71,254,1,0,0 DATA_FILE_SIZE  70611,1593
IRIDIUM_FIX  4750.34,-12512.13,250122,075152 CAP_FILE_SIZE  256142,0
TCM_TEMP  266.95 SDSIZE  4028416,3772608
XPDR_PINGS  0,13.0,10.5 SDFILEDIR  3929,1
HUMID  50.83 ERRORS  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
TEMP  82.14 CURRENT  0.106,125.5,1
INTERNAL_PRESSURE  8.89205 MAGCAL  1.000000,-0.002586,0.211896,0.022625,1.048081,-0.150766,0.012079,-0.065914,0.992323,393.2,-212.7,161.7,26,0.0279,0
_24V_AH  14.64,374.728 IMPLIED_C_PITCH  2350,12.86,1355
_10V_AH  15.00,0.000 IMPLIED_C_VBD  2774,33.363880,1028
FG_AHR_24Vo  277.084 GPS  250122,131602,4750.273,-12513.274,7,0.9,24,15.9
FG_AHR_10Vo  91.524

Energy measurements:
devicesecsmAJsensorsecsmAJ
VBD_pump467151110338.37 legato4296201258.08
Pitch_motor36234127.04 nil000.00
Roll_motor103115176.29 nil000.00
Iridium209218670.89 nil000.00
Transponder_ping04200.00 nil000.00
GPS14153.18 nil000.00
Core400611709.18 SciCon000.00
LPSleep50192210.82 nil000.00
Compass1030577.28 nil000.00
RAFOS000.00
Transponder000.00
Compass2000.00

Altimeter Analysis:
m=0.0,R=0.0,N=0 m=0.6,R=0.8,N=2
depth range fit R obstacle m R fit R obstacle m R

Guidance and control:
st_secs flags vbd_ctl pitch_ctl roll_ctl vbd_ad_start vbd_pot1_ad_start vbd_pot2_ad_start pitch_ad_start roll_ad_start depth ob_vertv data_pts end_secs vbd_secs pitch_secs roll_secs vbd_i pitch_i roll_i vbd_ad vbd_pot1_ad vbd_pot2_ad pitch_ad roll_ad vbd_errors pitch_errors roll_errors vbd_volts pitch_volts roll_volts
2 end surface: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 3 begin dive
5.80 16386 -82.73 -1.56 0.00 1034.3 999.6 1069.1 177.1 2251.2 0.00 0.00 0 77.12 70.17 0.00 0.00 0.005 0.000 0.000 2754.44 2933.38 2575.50 177.12 2252.31 0 0 0 14.87 30.00 30.00
78.23 18727 -82.73 -1.56 60.00 2753.6 2932.1 2575.1 177.1 2251.7 3.30 -4.56 13 110.55 8.49 14.18 3.05 0.007 0.235 0.082 3111.59 3329.88 2893.31 1941.62 3427.19 0 0 0 14.99 15.45 14.88
257.63 1028 -82.73 -1.56 0.00 3111.7 3329.5 2893.9 1941.1 3427.2 33.50 -16.55 49 263.19 0.00 0.00 2.61 0.000 0.000 0.018 3113.25 3328.62 2897.88 1940.88 2255.31 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.83
448.04 0 -82.73 -1.56 0.00 3111.2 3328.8 2893.6 1941.7 2254.1 61.07 -14.41 87 449.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 3110.28 3328.06 2892.50 1941.69 2252.81 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
632.75 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3111.2 3328.6 2893.9 1941.8 2253.2 83.23 -10.07 124 638.24 0.00 0.00 2.59 0.000 0.000 0.064 3111.44 3329.25 2893.62 1942.69 1209.25 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.89
697.71 1028 -82.73 -1.56 0.30 3110.9 3328.4 2893.4 1941.8 1209.2 89.72 -9.88 137 703.26 0.00 0.00 2.68 0.000 0.000 0.026 3111.72 3329.19 2894.25 1941.50 2359.81 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.92
887.74 0 -82.73 -1.56 0.30 3111.3 3328.6 2894.1 1941.9 2359.9 106.14 -8.78 175 889.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 3111.06 3329.12 2893.00 1941.44 2360.31 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
1192.78 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3111.7 3328.9 2894.4 1941.8 2360.6 131.80 -8.33 236 1198.36 0.00 0.00 2.82 0.000 0.000 0.059 3112.16 3329.25 2895.06 1941.88 1208.25 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.94
1282.80 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -0.29 3111.5 3328.9 2894.1 1941.4 1208.1 139.52 -8.59 254 1288.34 0.00 0.00 2.64 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.22 3328.94 2895.50 1941.56 2348.62 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.96
1592.88 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3112.0 3328.9 2895.1 1941.3 2348.7 163.54 -7.29 316 1598.44 0.00 0.00 2.80 0.000 0.000 0.058 3112.47 3329.31 2895.62 1941.81 1208.62 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.95
1632.89 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -0.54 3111.6 3328.5 2894.7 1941.6 1208.0 166.73 -7.87 324 1638.44 0.00 0.00 2.63 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.75 3329.88 2895.62 1942.19 2344.88 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.98
1943.00 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3111.8 3328.7 2894.9 1941.9 2344.9 190.68 -8.08 386 1948.55 0.00 0.00 2.78 0.000 0.000 0.058 3112.16 3328.88 2895.44 1942.00 1209.31 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.96
2013.19 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -1.07 3111.9 3328.5 2895.3 1941.4 1209.4 196.79 -8.86 400 2018.61 0.00 0.00 2.60 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.50 3328.44 2896.56 1941.62 2336.94 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.98
2323.12 260 -82.73 -1.56 60.00 3112.3 3328.8 2895.9 1941.6 2336.4 222.75 -8.47 462 2328.68 0.00 0.00 2.78 0.000 0.000 0.082 3112.97 3329.31 2896.62 1941.81 3427.19 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.93
2353.11 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -1.20 3112.1 3324.2 2899.9 1941.4 3427.6 225.52 -8.99 468 2358.66 0.00 0.00 2.64 0.000 0.000 0.018 3112.22 3323.88 2900.56 1941.81 2225.56 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.98
2663.24 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3112.5 3325.3 2899.8 1941.6 2224.2 251.90 -8.91 530 2668.34 0.00 0.00 2.48 0.000 0.000 0.065 3112.38 3325.19 2899.56 1941.44 1207.94 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.96
2688.22 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -1.28 3112.3 3324.6 2900.1 1941.7 1208.0 254.18 -9.01 535 2693.76 0.00 0.00 2.59 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.97 3325.44 2900.50 1941.62 2334.88 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.99
2998.34 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3112.5 3324.9 2900.1 1941.8 2334.8 281.46 -9.14 597 3003.91 0.00 0.00 2.76 0.000 0.000 0.060 3113.03 3325.38 2900.69 1941.69 1208.75 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.96
3048.35 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -1.49 3112.2 3325.1 2899.4 1941.6 1208.4 286.12 -9.36 607 3053.89 0.00 0.00 2.58 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.56 3325.56 2899.56 1941.19 2328.56 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.99
3361.40 0 -82.73 -1.56 -1.49 3112.2 3324.2 2900.1 1941.4 2328.6 312.43 -7.95 653 3372.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 3112.34 3324.50 2900.19 1941.50 2328.31 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
3674.53 516 -82.73 -1.56 -60.00 3112.2 3324.6 2899.7 1941.5 2328.1 336.63 -7.30 682 3679.36 0.00 0.00 2.76 0.000 0.000 0.060 3113.53 3327.44 2899.62 1941.62 1208.94 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.97
3743.37 1028 -82.73 -1.56 -1.61 3112.5 3324.8 2900.2 1941.4 1208.9 342.03 -7.76 691 3747.99 0.00 0.00 2.57 0.000 0.000 0.025 3112.25 3325.38 2899.12 1941.62 2326.62 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 16.00
3775 end dive: TARGET_DEPTH_EXCEEDED
state 3775 begin apogee
3777.44 10243 0.00 -0.28 0.00 3111.7 3323.9 2899.6 1941.6 2039.3 344.51 -7.80 694 3845.10 62.40 2.20 0.18 1.511 0.143 0.116 2775.16 2917.88 2632.44 2254.25 2166.69 0 0 0 10.67 15.82 15.39
3846 end apogee: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 3847 begin climb
3847.68 10759 82.73 1.56 -60.00 2773.8 2917.0 2630.6 2254.2 2166.9 346.37 0.00 700 3930.80 63.09 3.05 2.99 1.467 0.113 0.074 2437.47 2520.38 2354.56 2701.44 993.62 0 0 0 11.88 15.61 15.74
3996.31 11303 169.78 1.74 0.00 2434.6 2519.7 2349.4 2702.0 993.6 341.64 4.40 719 4077.22 68.51 0.25 2.66 1.445 0.069 0.021 2082.56 2125.19 2039.94 2757.56 2146.62 0 0 0 11.44 15.57 15.66
4378.69 0 169.78 1.74 0.00 2074.9 2124.3 2025.6 2758.1 2146.8 309.15 9.21 756 4389.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 2075.25 2124.94 2025.56 2758.00 2146.62 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
4694.53 16710 169.78 1.75 60.00 2073.4 2124.0 2022.9 2758.0 2147.1 282.62 7.77 807 4699.89 0.00 0.00 2.67 0.000 0.000 0.077 2074.50 2124.38 2024.62 2758.50 3206.56 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.84
4749.37 17414 169.78 1.75 -0.27 2073.4 2124.4 2022.4 2758.1 3205.6 278.14 8.25 818 4754.91 0.00 0.00 2.63 0.000 0.000 0.022 2073.91 2124.69 2023.12 2758.06 2050.56 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.89
5059.45 16902 169.78 1.75 -60.00 2072.9 2124.1 2021.6 2758.1 2050.6 252.53 8.38 880 5064.99 0.00 0.00 2.68 0.000 0.000 0.079 2074.28 2125.50 2023.06 2757.38 992.38 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.87
5169.47 17414 169.78 1.75 -0.65 2072.6 2124.6 2020.6 2758.2 992.2 243.19 8.35 902 5175.01 0.00 0.00 2.62 0.000 0.000 0.022 2074.12 2126.38 2021.88 2758.00 2130.56 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.92
5479.51 16710 169.78 1.79 60.00 2072.1 2124.7 2019.6 2758.1 2130.6 220.95 6.73 964 5485.06 0.00 0.00 2.72 0.000 0.000 0.077 2072.22 2125.06 2019.38 2758.19 3206.25 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.91
5549.53 17478 169.78 1.81 -0.65 2072.2 2125.1 2019.3 2757.9 3205.3 215.84 7.41 978 5555.06 0.00 0.00 2.64 0.000 0.000 0.023 2072.72 2125.31 2020.12 2758.81 2045.31 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.95
5859.75 16450 169.78 1.84 -0.65 2071.7 2125.1 2018.2 2758.4 2045.4 194.68 6.85 1040 5861.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 2070.72 2124.25 2017.19 2758.62 2045.38 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
6164.60 16966 169.78 1.87 -60.00 2071.6 2125.1 2018.2 2758.5 2045.9 174.69 6.81 1101 6170.14 0.00 0.00 2.67 0.000 0.000 0.080 2071.34 2124.75 2017.94 2758.00 992.19 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.91
6224.61 17478 169.78 1.89 -0.58 2071.3 2124.6 2018.1 2758.4 992.3 170.23 7.52 1113 6230.16 0.00 0.00 2.62 0.000 0.000 0.022 2071.72 2125.50 2017.94 2758.44 2133.81 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.97
6534.65 18759 169.78 1.93 60.00 2071.1 2124.5 2017.7 2758.5 2133.9 149.59 6.55 1175 6540.26 0.00 0.17 2.70 0.000 0.080 0.077 2072.38 2126.50 2018.25 2804.75 3206.44 0 0 0 30.00 15.95 15.87
6594.65 17414 169.78 1.93 -0.58 2071.0 2124.7 2017.4 2805.0 3206.1 144.79 8.31 1187 6600.20 0.00 0.00 2.64 0.000 0.000 0.023 2072.06 2126.00 2018.12 2803.50 2045.62 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.98
6904.73 16710 169.78 1.97 60.00 2071.0 2124.9 2017.1 2804.8 2045.5 123.47 6.48 1249 6910.31 0.00 0.00 2.95 0.000 0.000 0.072 2071.59 2125.25 2017.94 2805.44 3207.19 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.93
6964.72 17478 169.78 1.99 -0.51 2070.8 2125.0 2016.6 2805.2 3208.1 119.07 7.49 1261 6970.27 0.00 0.00 2.62 0.000 0.000 0.023 2071.38 2125.31 2017.44 2805.50 2048.94 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.98
7274.96 16966 169.78 2.02 -60.00 2070.5 2124.9 2016.2 2804.4 2048.8 99.97 7.11 1323 7280.36 0.00 0.00 2.65 0.000 0.000 0.079 2071.16 2125.06 2017.25 2805.75 992.38 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.92
7369.76 17414 169.78 2.02 -0.43 2070.5 2125.0 2016.0 2804.4 992.0 92.71 7.99 1342 7375.31 0.00 0.00 2.62 0.000 0.000 0.022 2071.12 2125.88 2016.38 2804.88 2138.19 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.99
7559.80 10535 245.42 2.17 60.00 2070.5 2125.0 2016.0 2804.9 2138.0 81.89 4.93 1380 7624.27 58.56 0.25 2.72 1.219 0.071 0.078 1774.53 1799.69 1749.38 2861.00 3205.06 0 0 0 10.81 15.95 15.42
7726.38 1028 245.42 2.17 -0.18 1769.8 1799.2 1740.4 2861.9 3205.1 69.19 9.00 1413 7731.93 0.00 0.00 2.63 0.000 0.000 0.023 1770.59 1801.25 1739.94 2861.69 2055.19 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.82
7916.45 8226 325.49 2.33 -0.18 1766.2 1799.3 1733.0 2861.9 2055.1 58.60 4.72 1451 7980.02 62.24 0.00 0.00 1.163 0.000 0.000 1448.50 1459.50 1437.50 2860.06 2055.19 0 0 0 11.20 30.00 30.00
8162.17 2113 325.49 2.35 -60.00 1440.8 1459.9 1421.6 2861.6 2055.2 41.43 7.32 1500 8163.61 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.000 0.084 0.000 1440.50 1459.50 1421.50 2903.69 2055.31 0 0 0 30.00 15.76 30.00
8347.21 16646 325.49 2.35 60.00 1439.2 1460.0 1418.3 2903.6 2055.4 25.40 9.13 1537 8352.83 0.00 0.00 2.95 0.000 0.000 0.072 1439.25 1460.00 1418.50 2903.31 3205.81 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.82
8372.34 17414 325.49 2.35 -0.57 1439.2 1460.1 1418.2 2903.2 3205.6 23.00 9.42 1542 8377.78 0.00 0.00 2.64 0.000 0.000 0.023 1439.28 1460.62 1417.94 2902.94 2049.38 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 15.86
8562.28 16386 325.49 2.35 -0.57 1438.0 1460.8 1415.2 2903.9 2049.4 5.36 8.86 1580 8563.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 1438.12 1461.00 1415.25 2903.50 2049.25 0 0 0 30.00 30.00 30.00
8576 end climb: SURFACE_DEPTH_REACHED
state 8577 begin surface coast
8627 end surface coast: CONTROL_FINISHED_OK
state 8627 begin surface